The ongoing impact of the credit crisis, slowing global economies, falling house prices, global stock market and exchange rate volatility, together with the US dollar strengthening against most currencies are all factors contributing to a major change in the global cost of living rankings.
The International Cost of Living Comparison comprises indexes for each of 276 global locations. The indexes are calculated using the prices for specific quantities of the same goods and services in each location, based on expatriate spending patterns across 13 broad categories (Basket Groups).
The latest international cost of living ranking, together with the overall cost of living index is as follows:
Rank Location (Overall Cost of Living Index New York=100)
1 Japan, Tokyo (126.03)
2 Norway, Oslo (123.74)
3 Denmark, Copenhagen (121.11)
4 Switzerland, Geneva (119.59)
5 Brazil, Brasilia (118.53)
6 United Kingdom, London (118.23)
7 Greenland, Nuuk (117.14)
8 Switzerland, Zurich (116.18)
9 Hungary, Budapest (114.36)
10 Russia, Moscow (113.41)
11 Nigeria, Lagos (112.69)
12 Ireland, Dublin (112.65)
13 New Caledonia, Noumea (112.43)
14 France, Paris (112.38)
15 Chad, N’Djamena (111.3)
16 Italy, Milan (111.19)
17 Cameroon, Douala (111.06)
18 Liechtenstein, Vaduz (110.89)
19 San Marino, San Marino (110.78)
20 Monaco, Monaco (109.83)
21 Czech Republic, Prague (109.81)
22 Austria, Vienna (109.68)
23 Slovakia, Bratislava (109.31)
24 Isle of Man, Douglas (108.97)
25 Poland, Warsaw (107.63)
26 Bermuda, Hamilton (107.53)
27 Italy, Rome (107.29)
28 Finland, Helsinki (107.07)
29 Australia, Sydney (106.52)
30 USA, San Francisco Calif (104.53)
31 Cote D’Ivoire, Abidjan (104.4)
32 Venezuela, Caracas (104.02)
33 China, Hong Kong (103.43)
34 United Arab Emirates, Dubai (103.36)
35 Croatia, Zagreb (103.29)
36 Angola, Luanda (103.27)
37 Belgium, Brussels (103.19)
38 Netherlands, Amsterdam (102.33)
39 Jersey, Saint Helier (102.24)
40 Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby (102.22)
41 Korea Republic of, Seoul (101.94)
42 Iceland, Reykjavík (101.66)
43 Ukraine, Kiev (101.2)
44 Guernsey, St Peter Port (100.68)
45 Qatar, Doha (100.64)
46 Central African Republic, Bangui (100.58)
47 Spain, Madrid (100.26)
48 USA, San Jose Calif (100.13)
49 Falkland Islands, Stanley (100)
50 USA, New York NY (100)
51 Sweden, Stockholm (99.76)
52 USA, Boston Mass (99.63)
53 Cameroon, Yaounde (98.84)
54 Mali, Bamako (98.74)
55 Benin, Cotonou (98.6)
56 Germany, Berlin (98.18)
57 Micronesia, Palikir (97.98)
58 Gabon, Libreville (97.77)
59 Canada, Toronto (97.39)
60 Germany, Bonn (96.38)
61 Vatican City, Vatican City (96.23)
62 Australia, Melbourne (95.88)
63 Australia, Canberra (95.88)
64 Estonia, Tallinn (95.08)
65 Turkey, Ankara (94.87)
66 Singapore, Singapore (94.6)
67 Guinea-Bissau, Bissau (94.24)
68 USA, Los Angeles Calif (93.93)
69 Palau, Melekeok (93.85)
70 Luxembourg, Luxembourg (93.77)
71 Canada, Vancouver (93.48)
72 Portugal, Lisbon (92.84)
73 Australia, Perth (92.82)
74 Germany, Frankfurt (92.81)
75 Azerbaijan, Baku (92.76)
76 Gibraltar, Gibraltar (92.33)
77 Comores, Moroni (92.04)
78 USA, Washington DC (91.8)
79 USA, Philadelphia Pa (91.49)
80 Nauru, Yaren (91.16)
81 Kazakhstan, Almaty (90.99)
82 Bahrain, Manama (90.82)
83 USA, San Diego Calif (90.7)
84 Bahamas, Nassau (90.63)
85 Togo, Lome (90.11)
86 Taiwan, Taipei (90.07)
87 Haiti, Port-au-Prince (90)
88 Senegal, Dakar (89.57)
89 Saint Helena, Jamestown (89.26)
90 USA, Baltimore Md (89.25)
91 United Kingdom, Glasgow (88.88)
92 Djibouti, Djibouti (88.45)
93 Niger, Niamey (88.38)
94 Zambia, Lusaka (88.36)
95 USA, Seattle Wash (88.3)
96 Andorra, Andorra la Vella (88.13)
97 Vietnam, Hanoi (88.03)
98 Tonga, Nuku’Alofa (87.34)
99 Gambia, Banjul (87.23)
100 United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi (87.16)
101 Cayman Islands, George Town (86.81)
102 Sudan, Khartoum (86.64)
103 Greece, Athens (86.59)
104 Barbados, Bridgetown (86.5)
105 USA, Portland Ore (86.1)
106 Sierra Leone, Freetown (85.92)
107 Equatorial Guinea, Malabo (85.89)
108 USA, Chicago Ill (85.73)
109 Romania, Bucharest (85.55)
110 USA, Miami Fla (85.54)
111 Marshall Islands, Majuro (85.41)
112 Cyprus, Nicosia (85.26)
113 Malta, Velletta (84.99)
114 Moldova, Chisinau (84.89)
115 Ghana, Accra (84.89)
116 United Kingdom, Birmingham (84.76)
117 Canada, Montreal (84.37)
118 Algeria, Algiers (84.01)
119 Israel, Jerusalem (83.82)
120 Australia, Brisbane (83.29)
121 Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou (82.92)
122 Lebanon, Beirut (82.74)
123 Jordan, Amman (82.41)
124 Guinea, Conakry (82.16)
125 Jamaica, Kingston (82.11)
126 Philippines, Manila (82.07)
127 Georgia Republic of, Tbilisi (82.03)
128 Congo Democratic Rep, Kinshasa (81.84)
129 Seychelles, Victoria (81.78)
130 Indonesia, Jakarta (81.76)
131 USA, Las Vegas Nev (81.75)
132 Lithuania, Vilnius (81.67)
133 Vanuatu, Port Vila (81.35)
134 Grenada, Saint George’s (81.23)
135 Trinidad and Tobago, Port-of-Spain (81.13)
136 Mozambique, Maputo (80.82)
137 New Zealand, Auckland (80.71)
138 Samoa, Apia (80.64)
139 Congo, Brazzaville (80.14)
140 Armenia, Yerevan (80.13)
141 Albania, Tirana (80.1)
142 Martinique, Fort-de-France (80.09)
143 Latvia, Riga (79.92)
144 Thailand, Bangkok (79.86)
145 Sao Tome and Principe, Sao Tome (79.79)
146 USA, Denver Colo (79.74)
147 China, Beijing (79.73)
148 Fiji, Suva (78.99)
149 Slovenia, Ljubljana (78.85)
150 Canada, Ottawa (78.82)
151 Tuvalu, Funafuti (78.78)
152 Myanmar, Yangon (78.51)
153 Puerto Rico, San Juan (78.49)
154 Kenya, Nairobi (78.4)
155 USA, Phoenix Ariz (78.26)
156 Mauritius, Port Louis (78.25)
157 Madagascar, Antananarivo (78.24)
158 USA, Tampa Fla (78.22)
159 Serbia, Belgrade (78.13)
160 Kiribati, South Tarawa (78.06)
161 Guam, Hagatna (77.8)
162 Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan (77.72)
163 Uruguay, Montevideo (77.41)
164 Colombia, Bogota (77.23)
165 USA, Atlanta GA (76.99)
166 Morocco, Rabat (76.93)
167 USA, Milwaukee Wis (76.77)
168 Paraguay, Asuncion (76.49)
169 Mexico, Mexico City (76.13)
170 USA, Columbus Ohio (76.06)
171 India, Mumbai (76.04)
172 Tanzania, Dar es Salaam (76)
173 Solomon Islands, Honiara (75.93)
174 USA, Cleveland Ohio (75.84)
175 USA, Detroit Mich (75.74)
176 Liberia, Monrovia (75.63)
177 USA, Austin Tex (75.57)
178 USA, Dallas Tex (75.47)
179 USA, Jacksonville Fla (75.47)
180 Australia, Adelaide (75.39)
181 Kuwait, Kuwait City (75.22)
182 Bulgaria, Sofia (75.14)
183 Saudi Arabia, Riyadh (75.08)
184 USA, Pittsburgh Penn (74.54)
185 Timor-Leste, Dili (74.29)
186 Iran, Tehran (74.24)
187 USA, Indianapolis Ind (74.13)
188 USA, Fort Worth Tex (73.64)
189 Somalia, Mogadishu (73.49)
190 Maldives, Male (73.48)
191 USA, Charlotte NC (73.47)
192 USA, Houston Tex (73.36)
193 Chile, Santiago (73.01)
194 Mauritania, Nouakchott (72.99)
195 Botswana, Gaberone (72.86)
196 Cape Verde, Praia (72.81)
197 USA, El Paso Tex (72.61)
198 Uganda, Kampala (72.25)
199 Afghanistan, Kabul (72.13)
200 Antigua and Barbuda, Saint John’s (72.04)
201 USA, St Louis MO (71.93)
202 Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur (71.82)
203 Peru, Lima (71.7)
204 Korea Democratic Republic of, Pyongyang (71.62)
205 Kosovo, Pristina (71.55)
206 India, New Delhi (71.4)
207 Belarus, Minsk (71.28)
208 Malawi, Lilongwe (71.24)
209 Saint Kitts and Nevis, Basseterre (71.07)
210 USA, Memphis Tenn (71.02)
211 India, Chennai (70.76)
212 Kyrgyzstan, Bishkek (70.29)
213 Burundi, Bujumbura (70.07)
214 Macedonia, Skopje (70.02)
215 USA, San Antonio Tex (70.02)
216 Guatemala, Guatemala City (69.74)
217 Honduras, Tegucigalpa (69.57)
218 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Kingstown (69.5)
219 Canada, Calgary (69.46)
220 India, Calcutta (69.31)
221 India, Hyderabad (68.85)
222 Dominica, Roseau (68.79)
223 Rwanda, Kigali (68.75)
224 Panama, Panama City (68.58)
225 Guyana, Georgetown (68.58)
226 China, Shanghai (68.48)
227 Syria, Damascus (67.99)
228 Montenegro, Podgorica (67.75)
229 Laos, Vientiane (67.43)
230 Ethiopia, Addis Ababa (66.87)
231 Cuba, Havana (66.61)
232 Belize, Belmopan (66.33)
233 Nicaragua, Managua (65.89)
234 Nepal, Kathmandu (65.67)
235 Dominican Republic, Santo Domingo (64.93)
236 Tunisia, Tunis (64.87)
237 Suriname, Paramaribo (64.75)
238 India, Bangalore (64.56)
239 South Africa, Johannesburg (64.51)
240 Costa Rica, San Jose (64.47)
241 Egypt, Cairo (64.18)
242 El Salvador, San Salvador (63.34)
243 Swaziland, Mbabane (63.11)
244 Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar (62.85)
245 South Africa, Pretoria (62.71)
246 Oman, Muscat (61.61)
247 Saint Lucia, Castries (61.2)
248 Pakistan, Lahore (59.48)
249 Tajikistan, Dushanbe (59.25)
250 South Africa, Cape Town (58.99)
251 Namibia, Windhoek (58.89)
252 Sri Lanka, Colombo (58.51)
253 Pakistan, Islamabad (58.33)
254 Iraq, Baghdad (58.25)
255 Pakistan, Karachi (57.72)
256 Lesotho, Maseru (57.49)
257 Argentina, Buenos Aires (57.46)
258 Bangladesh, Dhaka (57.03)
259 Bhutan, Thimphu (56.78)
260 Bolivia, La Paz (56.66)
261 China, Macao (56.41)
262 South Africa, Durban (56.07)
263 Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo (54.35)
264 Ecuador, Quito (53.83)
265 Uzbekistan, Tashkent (53.03)
266 Libya, Tripoli (52.74)
267 China, Shenzhen (51.65)
268 Eritrea, Asmara (50.72)
269 China, Dalian (50.54)
270 China, Wuhan (49.93)
271 China, Guangzhou (47.28)
272 Cambodia, Phnom Penh (45.65)
273 Yemen, Sanaa (45.6)
274 Turkmenistan, Ashgabat (38.77)
275 China, Tianjin (29.5)
276 Zimbabwe, Harare (17.12)
The objective of expatriate pay programs is to ensure that employee spending power and standard of living is maintained irrespective of global location. How to achieve this has been an issue many organizations spend considerable time on.
Exchange rates are volatile as they are based on short-term factors and are subject to substantial distortions from speculative movements, economic outlook and government interventions. In the short term, exchange rates, even when averaged over a period of time such as a year, are not a good measure of the comparative value of a salary in relation to its comparative international purchasing power. In the short to medium term at least, apparent changes in the comparative level of remuneration between one country and another may be principally a function of changes in the exchange rate.
A far better measure is salary purchasing power parity (SPPP) which is the amount of salary that equalizes the purchasing power of different currencies given the relative cost of the same basket of goods (cost of living) at the exchange rate versus one US Dollar. This means that a given salary, when converted into different currencies at the SPPP rates, will buy the same basket of goods and services in all countries.
The basket of goods and services used in SPPP calculations is derived on an International basis and includes certain items often excluded from expatriate cost of living data (most notably housing costs), however any or all of the 13 basket groups can be included or excluded from a calculation. SPPP’s provide a reasonably good picture of the differences in standards of living for individual’s resident and paid in different countries.
Internationally comparable data is crucial to forming sustainable expatriate pay policies and monitoring progress. Market exchange rates give misleading comparisons because they do not reflect salary purchasing power differences. Salary Purchasing Power Parities account for price differences between countries and so measure real quantities.
The ongoing impact of the credit crisis, slowing global economies, falling house prices, global stock market and exchange rate volatility, together with the US dollar and Euro strengthening against most currencies are all factors contributing to a major change in relative salary purchasing power, which can be seen from the global cost of living rankings as at January 2009.
London has already dropped from the most expensive place for expats to live to now rank 6th. New York has dropped to 50th but is now expected to begin to climb back up the ranking as the global recession impacts other parts of the world. Tokyo has reclaimed the title of the most expensive place in the world for expats in terms of salary purchasing power relative to all other international locations.
The salary purchasing power parity rank comprises cost of living indexes for each of 276 global locations. The indexes are calculated using the prices for specific quantities of the same goods and services in each location, based on expatriate spending patterns across 13 broad categories (Basket Groups).
The latest salary purchasing power parity ranking, together with the overall cost of living index, sourced from www.xpatulator.com as at January 2009 is as follows:
Rank Location (Overall Cost of Living Index New York=100)
1.Japan, Tokyo (126.03)
2.Norway, Oslo (123.74)
3.Denmark, Copenhagen (121.11)
4.Switzerland, Geneva (119.59)
5.Brazil, Brasilia (118.53)
6.United Kingdom, London (118.23)
7.Greenland, Nuuk (117.14)
8.Switzerland, Zurich (116.18)
9.Hungary, Budapest (114.36)
10.Russia, Moscow (113.41)
11.Nigeria, Lagos (112.69)
12.Ireland, Dublin (112.65)
13.New Caledonia, Noumea (112.43)
14.France, Paris (112.38)
15.Chad, N’Djamena (111.3)
16.Italy, Milan (111.19)
17.Cameroon, Douala (111.06)
18.Liechtenstein, Vaduz (110.89)
19.San Marino, San Marino (110.78)
20.Monaco, Monaco (109.83)
21.Czech Republic, Prague (109.81)
22.Austria, Vienna (109.68)
23.Slovakia, Bratislava (109.31)
24.Isle of Man, Douglas (108.97)
25.Poland, Warsaw (107.63)
26.Bermuda, Hamilton (107.53)
27.Italy, Rome (107.29)
28.Finland, Helsinki (107.07)
29.Australia, Sydney (106.52)
30.USA, San Francisco Calif (104.53)
31.Cote D’Ivoire, Abidjan (104.4)
32.Venezuela, Caracas (104.02)
33.China, Hong Kong (103.43)
34.United Arab Emirates, Dubai (103.36)
35.Croatia, Zagreb (103.29)
36.Angola, Luanda (103.27)
37.Belgium, Brussels (103.19)
38.Netherlands, Amsterdam (102.33)
39.Jersey, Saint Helier (102.24)
40.Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby (102.22)
41.Korea Republic of, Seoul (101.94)
42.Iceland, Reykjavík (101.66)
43.Ukraine, Kiev (101.2)
44.Guernsey, St Peter Port (100.68)
45.Qatar, Doha (100.64)
46.Central African Republic, Bangui (100.58)
47.Spain, Madrid (100.26)
48.USA, San Jose Calif (100.13)
49.Falkland Islands, Stanley (100)
50.USA, New York NY (100)
51.Sweden, Stockholm (99.76)
52.USA, Boston Mass (99.63)
53.Cameroon, Yaounde (98.84)
54.Mali, Bamako (98.74)
55.Benin, Cotonou (98.6)
56.Germany, Berlin (98.18)
57.Micronesia, Palikir (97.98)
58.Gabon, Libreville (97.77)
59.Canada, Toronto (97.39)
60.Germany, Bonn (96.38)
61.Vatican City, Vatican City (96.23)
62.Australia, Melbourne (95.88)
63.Australia, Canberra (95.88)
64.Estonia, Tallinn (95.08)
65.Turkey, Ankara (94.87)
66.Singapore, Singapore (94.6)
67.Guinea-Bissau, Bissau (94.24)
68.USA, Los Angeles Calif (93.93)
69.Palau, Melekeok (93.85)
70.Luxembourg, Luxembourg (93.77)
71.Canada, Vancouver (93.48)
72.Portugal, Lisbon (92.84)
73.Australia, Perth (92.82)
74.Germany, Frankfurt (92.81)
75.Azerbaijan, Baku (92.76)
76.Gibraltar, Gibraltar (92.33)
77.Comores, Moroni (92.04)
78.USA, Washington DC (91.8)
79.USA, Philadelphia Pa (91.49)
80.Nauru, Yaren (91.16)
81.Kazakhstan, Almaty (90.99)
82.Bahrain, Manama (90.82)
83.USA, San Diego Calif (90.7)
84.Bahamas, Nassau (90.63)
85.Togo, Lome (90.11)
86.Taiwan, Taipei (90.07)
87.Haiti, Port-au-Prince (90)
88.Senegal, Dakar (89.57)
89.Saint Helena, Jamestown (89.26)
90.USA, Baltimore Md (89.25)
91.United Kingdom, Glasgow (88.88)
92.Djibouti, Djibouti (88.45)
93.Niger, Niamey (88.38)
94.Zambia, Lusaka (88.36)
95.USA, Seattle Wash (88.3)
96.Andorra, Andorra la Vella (88.13)
97.Vietnam, Hanoi (88.03)
98.Tonga, Nuku’Alofa (87.34)
99.Gambia, Banjul (87.23)
100.United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi (87.16)
101.Cayman Islands, George Town (86.81)
102.Sudan, Khartoum (86.64)
103.Greece, Athens (86.59)
104.Barbados, Bridgetown (86.5)
105.USA, Portland Ore (86.1)
106.Sierra Leone, Freetown (85.92)
107.Equatorial Guinea, Malabo (85.89)
108.USA, Chicago Ill (85.73)
109.Romania, Bucharest (85.55)
110.USA, Miami Fla (85.54)
111.Marshall Islands, Majuro (85.41)
112.Cyprus, Nicosia (85.26)
113.Malta, Velletta (84.99)
114.Moldova, Chisinau (84.89)
115.Ghana, Accra (84.89)
116.United Kingdom, Birmingham (84.76)
117.Canada, Montreal (84.37)
118.Algeria, Algiers (84.01)
119.Israel, Jerusalem (83.82)
120.Australia, Brisbane (83.29)
121.Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou (82.92)
122.Lebanon, Beirut (82.74)
123.Jordan, Amman (82.41)
124.Guinea, Conakry (82.16)
125.Jamaica, Kingston (82.11)
126.Philippines, Manila (82.07)
127.Georgia Republic of, Tbilisi (82.03)
128.Congo Democratic Rep, Kinshasa (81.84)
129.Seychelles, Victoria (81.78)
130.Indonesia, Jakarta (81.76)
131.USA, Las Vegas Nev (81.75)
132.Lithuania, Vilnius (81.67)
133.Vanuatu, Port Vila (81.35)
134.Grenada, Saint George’s (81.23)
135.Trinidad and Tobago, Port-of-Spain (81.13)
136.Mozambique, Maputo (80.82)
137.New Zealand, Auckland (80.71)
138.Samoa, Apia (80.64)
139.Congo, Brazzaville (80.14)
140.Armenia, Yerevan (80.13)
141.Albania, Tirana (80.1)
142.Martinique, Fort-de-France (80.09)
143.Latvia, Riga (79.92)
144.Thailand, Bangkok (79.86)
145.Sao Tome and Principe, Sao Tome (79.79)
146.USA, Denver Colo (79.74)
147.China, Beijing (79.73)
148.Fiji, Suva (78.99)
149.Slovenia, Ljubljana (78.85)
150.Canada, Ottawa (78.82)
151.Tuvalu, Funafuti (78.78)
152.Myanmar, Yangon (78.51)
153.Puerto Rico, San Juan (78.49)
154.Kenya, Nairobi (78.4)
155.USA, Phoenix Ariz (78.26)
156.Mauritius, Port Louis (78.25)
157.Madagascar, Antananarivo (78.24)
158.USA, Tampa Fla (78.22)
159.Serbia, Belgrade (78.13)
160.Kiribati, South Tarawa (78.06)
161.Guam, Hagatna (77.8)
162.Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan (77.72)
163.Uruguay, Montevideo (77.41)
164.Colombia, Bogota (77.23)
165.USA, Atlanta GA (76.99)
166.Morocco, Rabat (76.93)
167.USA, Milwaukee Wis (76.77)
168.Paraguay, Asuncion (76.49)
169.Mexico, Mexico City (76.13)
170.USA, Columbus Ohio (76.06)
171.India, Mumbai (76.04)
172.Tanzania, Dar es Salaam (76)
173.Solomon Islands, Honiara (75.93)
174.USA, Cleveland Ohio (75.84)
175.USA, Detroit Mich (75.74)
176.Liberia, Monrovia (75.63)
177.USA, Austin Tex (75.57)
178.USA, Dallas Tex (75.47)
179.USA, Jacksonville Fla (75.47)
180.Australia, Adelaide (75.39)
181.Kuwait, Kuwait City (75.22)
182.Bulgaria, Sofia (75.14)
183.Saudi Arabia, Riyadh (75.08)
184.USA, Pittsburgh Penn (74.54)
185.Timor-Leste, Dili (74.29)
186.Iran, Tehran (74.24)
187.USA, Indianapolis Ind (74.13)
188.USA, Fort Worth Tex (73.64)
189.Somalia, Mogadishu (73.49)
190.Maldives, Male (73.48)
191.USA, Charlotte NC (73.47)
192.USA, Houston Tex (73.36)
193.Chile, Santiago (73.01)
194.Mauritania, Nouakchott (72.99)
195.Botswana, Gaberone (72.86)
196.Cape Verde, Praia (72.81)
197.USA, El Paso Tex (72.61)
198.Uganda, Kampala (72.25)
199.Afghanistan, Kabul (72.13)
200.Antigua and Barbuda, Saint John’s (72.04)
201.USA, St Louis MO (71.93)
202.Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur (71.82)
203.Peru, Lima (71.7)
204.Korea Democratic Republic of, Pyongyang (71.62)
205.Kosovo, Pristina (71.55)
206.India, New Delhi (71.4)
207.Belarus, Minsk (71.28)
208.Malawi, Lilongwe (71.24)
209.Saint Kitts and Nevis, Basseterre (71.07)
210.USA, Memphis Tenn (71.02)
211.India, Chennai (70.76)
212.Kyrgyzstan, Bishkek (70.29)
213.Burundi, Bujumbura (70.07)
214.Macedonia, Skopje (70.02)
215.USA, San Antonio Tex (70.02)
216.Guatemala, Guatemala City (69.74)
217.Honduras, Tegucigalpa (69.57)
218.Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Kingstown (69.5)
219.Canada, Calgary (69.46)
220.India, Calcutta (69.31)
221.India, Hyderabad (68.85)
222.Dominica, Roseau (68.79)
223.Rwanda, Kigali (68.75)
224.Panama, Panama City (68.58)
225.Guyana, Georgetown (68.58)
226.China, Shanghai (68.48)
227.Syria, Damascus (67.99)
228.Montenegro, Podgorica (67.75)
229.Laos, Vientiane (67.43)
230.Ethiopia, Addis Ababa (66.87)
231.Cuba, Havana (66.61)
232.Belize, Belmopan (66.33)
233.Nicaragua, Managua (65.89)
234.Nepal, Kathmandu (65.67)
235.Dominican Republic, Santo Domingo (64.93)
236.Tunisia, Tunis (64.87)
237.Suriname, Paramaribo (64.75)
238.India, Bangalore (64.56)
239.South Africa, Johannesburg (64.51)
240.Costa Rica, San Jose (64.47)
241.Egypt, Cairo (64.18)
242.El Salvador, San Salvador (63.34)
243.Swaziland, Mbabane (63.11)
244.Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar (62.85)
245.South Africa, Pretoria (62.71)
246.Oman, Muscat (61.61)
247.Saint Lucia, Castries (61.2)
248.Pakistan, Lahore (59.48)
249.Tajikistan, Dushanbe (59.25)
250.South Africa, Cape Town (58.99)
251.Namibia, Windhoek (58.89)
252.Sri Lanka, Colombo (58.51)
253.Pakistan, Islamabad (58.33)
254.Iraq, Baghdad (58.25)
255.Pakistan, Karachi (57.72)
256.Lesotho, Maseru (57.49)
257.Argentina, Buenos Aires (57.46)
258.Bangladesh, Dhaka (57.03)
259.Bhutan, Thimphu (56.78)
260.Bolivia, La Paz (56.66)
261.China, Macao (56.41)
262.South Africa, Durban (56.07)
263.Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo (54.35)
264.Ecuador, Quito (53.83)
265.Uzbekistan, Tashkent (53.03)
266.Libya, Tripoli (52.74)
267.China, Shenzhen (51.65)
268.Eritrea, Asmara (50.72)
269.China, Dalian (50.54)
270.China, Wuhan (49.93)
271.China, Guangzhou (47.28)
272.Cambodia, Phnom Penh (45.65)
273.Yemen, Sanaa (45.6)
274.Turkmenistan, Ashgabat (38.77)
275.China, Tianjin (29.5)
276.Zimbabwe, Harare (17.12)